Neutrino-nucleus interactions in the T2K experiment

We present a study of neutrino-nucleus interactions at the T2K experiment based on the GiBUU transport model. The aim of T2K is to measure $\nu_e$ appearance and $\theta_{13}$, but it will also be able to do a precise measurement of $\nu_\mu$ disappearance. The former requires a good understanding of $\pi^0$ production while the latter is closely connected with a good understanding of quasielastic scattering. For both processes we investigate the influence of nuclear effects and particular final-state interactions on the expected event rates taking into account the T2K detector setup.Comment: v3: matches version to be published in Phys. Rev.

Static and Dynamic Pressure Distributions in a Short Labyrinth Seal

As part of a study into turbine blade tip destabilizing forces, a seals test rig was built in which spin rate, circular whirl rate, direction and amplitude of inlet swirl angle, and eccentricity can all be controlled over wide ranges, and measurements can be made at gap Reynolds numbers up to about 2 x 10(exp 4). This facility is described and preliminary data is presented for a one cavity labyrinth seal with a flat, stator mounted land. The impact of different flow coefficients for the first and second knives on the rotordynamic coefficients was found. While this effect is dominant for the direct forces, it should also be incorporated into calculations of cross forces where it has an impact under many conditions

Structural Invariance and the Energy Spectrum

We extend the application of the concept of structural invariance to bounded time independent systems. This concept, previously introduced by two of us to argue that the connection between random matrix theory and quantum systems with a chaotic classical counterpart is in fact largely exact in the semiclassical limit, is extended to the energy spectra of bounded time independent systems. We proceed by showing that the results obtained previously for the quasi-energies and eigenphases of the S-matrix can be extended to the eigenphases of the quantum Poincare map which is unitary in the semiclassical limit. We then show that its eigenphases in the chaotic case move rather stiffly around the unit circle and thus their local statistical fluctuations transfer to the energy spectrum via Bogomolny's prescription. We verify our results by studying numerically the properties of the eigenphases of the quantum Poincare map for billiards by using the boundary integral method.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure

Cosmological perturbations from inhomogeneous preheating and multi-field trapping

We consider inhomogeneous preheating in a multi-field trapping model. The curvature perturbation is generated by inhomogeneous preheating which induces multi-field trapping at the enhanced symmetric point (ESP), and results in fluctuation in the number of e-foldings. Instead of considering simple reheating after preheating, we consider a scenario of shoulder inflation induced by the trapping. The fluctuation in the number of e-foldings is generated during this weak inflationary period, when the additional light scalar field is trapped at the local maximum of its potential. The situation may look similar to locked or thermal inflation or even to hybrid inflation, but we will show that the present mechanism of generating the curvature perturbation is very different from these others. Unlike the conventional trapped inflationary scenario, we do not make the assumption that an ESP appears at some unstable point on the inflaton potential. This assumption is crucial in the original scenario, but it is not important in the multi-field model. We also discuss inhomogeneous preheating at late-time oscillation, in which the magnitude of the curvature fluctuation can be enhanced to accommodate low inflationary scale.Comment: 18pages, 2 figures, to appear in JHE

Optimal Policy Derivation for Transmission Duty-Cycle Constrained LPWAN

Low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technologies enable Internet of Things (IoT) devices to efficiently and robustly communicate over long distances, thus making them especially suited for industrial environments. However, the stringent regulations on the usage of certain industrial, scientific, and medical bands in many countries in which LPWAN operate limit the amount of time IoT motes can occupy the shared bands. This is particularly challenging in industrial scenarios, where not being able to report some detected events might result in the failure of critical assets. To alleviate this, and by mathematically modeling LPWAN-based IoT motes, we have derived optimal transmission policies that maximize the number of reported events (prioritized by their importance) while still complying with current regulations. The proposed solution has been customized for two widely known LPWAN technologies: 1) LoRa and 2) Sigfox. Analytical results reveal that our solution is feasible and performs remarkably close to the theoretical limit for a wide range of network activity patterns

Effects of Orientations, Aspect Ratios, Pavement Materials and Vegetation Elements on Thermal Stress inside Typical Urban Canyons

The analysis of local climate conditions to test artificial urban boundaries and related climate hazards through modelling tools should become a common practice to inform public authorities about the benefits of planning alternatives. Different finishing materials and sheltering objects within urban canyons (UCs) can be tested, predicted and compared through quantitative and qualitative understanding of the relationships between the microclimatic environment and subjective thermal assessment. This process can work as support planning instrument in the early design phases as has been done in this study that aims to analyze the thermal stress within typical UCs of Bilbao (Spain) in summertime through the evaluation of Physiologically Equivalent Temperature using ENVI-met. The UCs are characterized by different orientations, height-to-width aspect ratios, pavement materials, trees’ dimensions and planting pattern. Firstly, the current situation was analyzed; secondly, the effects of asphalt and red brick stones as streets’ pavement materials were compared; thirdly, the benefits of vegetation elements were tested. The analysis demonstrated that orientation and aspect ratio strongly affect the magnitude and duration of the thermal peaks at pedestrian level; while the vegetation elements improve the thermal comfort up to two thermophysiological assessment classes. The outcomes of this study, were transferred and visualized into green planning recommendations for new and consolidated urban areas in Bilbao.The work leading to these results has received funding from COST Action TU0902, the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme under Grant Agreement No. 308497, Project RAMSES—Reconciling Adaptation, Mitigation and Sustainable Development for Cities (2012–2017) and Diputación Foral de Bizkaia Exp. 6-12-TK-2010-0027, Project SICURB-ITS- Desarrollo de Sistemas para el análisis de la Contaminación atmosférica en zonas URBanas integrados en ITS (2010–2011)

Baryon chemical potential and in-medium properties of BPS skyrmions

We continue the investigation of thermodynamical properties of the BPS Skyrme model. In particular, we analytically compute the baryon chemical potential both in the full field theory and in a mean-field approximation. In the full field theory case, we find that the baryon chemical potential is always exactly proportional to the baryon density, for arbitrary solutions. We further find that, in the mean-field approximation, the BPS Skyrme model approaches the Walecka model in the limit of high density - their thermodynamical functions as well as the equation of state agree in this limit. This fact allows to read off some properties of the $\omega$-meson from the BPS Skyrme action, even though the latter model is entirely based on the (pionic) $SU(2)$ Skyrme field. On the other hand, at low densities, at the order of the usual nuclear matter density, the equations of state of the two models are no longer universal, such that a comparison depends on some model details. Still, also the BPS Skyrme model gives rise to nuclear saturation in this regime, leading, in fact, to an exact balance between repulsive and attractive forces. The perfect fluid aspects of the BPS Skyrme model, which, together with its BPS properties, form the base of our results, are shown to be in close formal analogy with the Eulerian formulation of relativistic fluid dynamics. Within this analogy, the BPS Skyrme model, in general, corresponds to a non-barotropic perfect fluid.Comment: Latex, 28 pages, 3 figure

Neutrino-induced coherent pion production off nuclei reexamined

It is pointed out that so far all theoretical estimates of coherent pion production off nuclei induced by neutrinos rely on the 'local approximation' well known in photonuclear physics. The effects of dropping this approximation are discussed. It is found that in a plane wave approximation for the pion the local approximation overestimates the coherent neutrino-induced pion production on nuclei.Comment: v3: comments on pion FSI added, minor corrections; version as published in Phys. Rev.